Initiatives have already been developed to reduce transport congestion at Tokyo 2020, including effective transportation demand management and the promotion of off-peak commuting and flexible working. 

This action plan has now been updated, with staff working at TMG main buildings and branch offices encouraged to avoid commuting between 8am and 10am local time.

Early morning work, before 8am local time, has been recommended in particular. 

TMG staff have also been asked to actively implement home working two or more times a week during the Games.

These measures are set to be introduced during the Olympics, scheduled from July 24 to August 9, and the Paralympics, due to take place from August 25 to September 6. 

Intensive use of home working and annual leave has been asked for on specific days - July 27, July 31, August 7, August 25 and September 1. 

Tokyo 2020 are also expected to implement temporary changes to the way some roads operate for the Games. 

Tolls on Tokyo's Metropolitan Expressway will be adjusted for private vehicles, for example, charging more when events are held.

Those who do not comply with the signs may be fined. 

Along with the heat, traffic congestion is seen as potentially the biggest obstacle to the Japanese capital hosting a successful Games.

Other plans to reduce traffic include improved public transport using buses, trains and boats.